Insulin is one of the major regulatory hormones of intermediate metabolism throughout the body. The biological actions of this hormone involve integration of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. Insulin enhances membrane transport of glucose, amino acids, and certain ions. It also promotes glycogen storage, formation of triglycerides and synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. Immunocytochemical investigations have localized insulin in the B cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans

Healthy individuals generally have very small amounts of NMP22 protein in the urine. However, the level of NMP22 protein is often elevated in the urine of patients with bladder cancer, even at early stages of the disease.1 The Alere NMP22 Test is an enzyme immunoassay for the quantitative determination of nuclear mitotic apparatus protein (NuMA) in stabilized voided urine. NuMA is an abundant component of the nuclear matrix proteins (NMP22). The Alere NMP22?BladderChek?Test is the only in-off

GAD-65 and GAD-67, glutamate decarboxylases, function to catalyze the production of GABA (g-aminobutyric acid). In the central nervous system GABA functions as the main inhibitory transmitter by increasing a Cl-conductance that inhibits neuronal firing. GABA has been shown to activate both ionotropic (GABAA) and metabotropic (GABAB) receptors as well as a third class of receptors called GABAC. Both GABAA and GABAC are ligand-gated ion channels, however, they are structurally and functionall

Transport of phosphorylated lysosomal enzymes from the Golgi complex and the cell surface to lysosomes. Lysosomal enzymes bearing phosphomannosyl residues bind specifically to mannose-6-phosphate receptors in the Golgi apparatus and the resulting receptor-ligand complex is transported to an acidic prelyosomal compartment where the low pH mediates the dissociation of the complex. This receptor also binds IGF2. Acts as a positive regulator of T-cell coactivation, by binding DPP4.