Insulin is one of the major regulatory hormones of intermediate metabolism throughout the body. The biological actions of this hormone involve integration of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism. Insulin enhances membrane transport of glucose, amino acids, and certain ions. It also promotes glycogen storage, formation of triglycerides and synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. Immunocytochemical investigations have localized insulin in the B cells of pancreatic islets of Langerhans

The protein encoded by this gene is a serine-threonine kinase, belonging to the glycogen synthase kinase subfamily. It is involved in energy metabolism, neuronal cell development, and body pattern formation. Polymorphisms in this gene have been implicated in modifying risk of Parkinson disease, and studies in mice show that overexpression of this gene may be relevant to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues. LDL enables fats and cholesterol to move within the water based solution of the blood stream. LDL also regulates cholesterol synthesis at these sites. The low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor system coordinates the metabolism of cholesterol, an essential component of the plasma membrane of all mammalian cells. Study of this system has led to an enhanced

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues. LDL enables fats and cholesterol to move within the water based solution of the blood stream. LDL also regulates cholesterol synthesis at these sites. The low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor system coordinates the metabolism of cholesterol, an essential component of the plasma membrane of all mammalian cells. Study of this system has led to an enhanced

LDL (low-density lipoprotein) is a type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues. LDL enables fats and cholesterol to move within the water based solution of the blood stream. LDL also regulates cholesterol synthesis at these sites. The low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor system coordinates the metabolism of cholesterol, an essential component of the plasma membrane of all mammalian cells. Study of this system has led to an enhanced

This gene encodes a multifunctional proinflammatory cytokine that belongs to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. This cytokine is mainly secreted by macrophages. It can bind to, and thus functions through its receptors TNFRSF1A/TNFR1 and TNFRSF1B/TNFBR. This cytokine is involved in the regulation of a wide spectrum of biological processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, lipid metabolism, and coagulation. This cytokine has been implicated in a variety of dis