Tau proteins are important Promotes microtubule assembly and stability, and might be involved in the establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. The C-terminus binds axonal microtubules while the N-terminus binds neural plasma membrane components, suggesting that tau functions as a linker protein between both. Axonal polarity is predetermined by tau localization (in the neuronal cell) in the domain of the cell body defined by the centrosome. The short isoforms allow plasticity of the

This gene encodes a member of a family of solute transporter proteins. The membrane-bound protein is the principal transporter that clears the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate from the extracellular space at synapses in the central nervous system. Glutamate clearance is necessary for proper synaptic activation and to prevent neuronal damage from excessive activation of glutamate receptors. Mutations in and decreased expression of this protein are associated with amyotrophic lateral scler

Essential adapter molecule for the activation of NF-kappa-B. Following different upstream signals (binding of inflammatory cytokines, stimulation of pathogen recognition receptors, or DNA damage), particular RIPK1-containing complexes are formed, initiating a limited number of cellular responses. Upon TNFA stimulation RIPK1 is recruited to a TRADD-TRAF complex initiated by TNFR1 trimerization. There, it is ubiquitinated via 'Lys-63'-link chains, inducing its association with the IKK complex,

Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation. Has highest activity towards single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, followed by single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine. Has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA. Requires molecular oxygen, alpha-ketoglutarate and iron. Contributes to the regulati

Bim, Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death, is a pro-apoptotic protein belonging to the Bcl2 family of proteins containing a Bcl2 homology domain 3 (BH3). It is proapoptotic and exerts its effects by interacting with prosurvival members of the Bcl2 family like Bcl2, BclxL and Bclw. Bim is sequestered in an inactive conformation through binding to the microtubule-associated dynein motor complex. Certain apoptotic stimuli release Bim from microtubules, allowing inhibitory binding to anti-apo

Thy-1 or CD90 (Cluster of Differentiation 90) is a 25–37 kDa heavily N-glycosylated, glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored conserved cell surface protein with a single V-like immunoglobulin domain, originally discovered as a thymocyte antigen. Thy-1can be used as a marker for a variety of stem cells and for the axonal processes of mature neurons. Structural study of Thy-1 lead to the foundation of the Immunoglobulin superfamily, of which it is the smallest member, and led to some of the i