The protein encoded by this gene is essential for T-cell proliferation and survival, cytokine production, and T-helper type-2 development. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]

This gene was identified by its overexpression specifically in herpesvirus samimiri-transformed T cells. The encoded protein is a member of the IL10 family of cytokines. It is a secreted protein and may function as a homodimer. This protein is thought to contribute to the transformed phenotype of T cells after infection by herpesvirus samimiri. [provided by RefSeq].

High Mobility Group Box-1 (HMGB1) is a cytokine implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases. The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway, a vagus nerve dependent mechanism, inhibits HMGB1 release in experimental disease models

This gene encodes a DNA topoisomerase, an enzyme that controls and alters the topologic states of DNA during transcription. This enzyme catalyzes the transient breaking and rejoining of a single strand of DNA which allows the strands to pass through one another, thus altering the topology of DNA. This gene is localized to chromosome 20 and has pseudogenes which reside on chromosomes 1 and 22. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

Endothelins (ET) show potent constrictor activity in vascular and non-vascular smooth muscle. This family of 21-amino acid peptides exists in at least three isoforms - ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3, and is produced in endothelial and epithelial cells. ET's can mediate biological effects in cells and tissues, and have been shown to bind to an ET receptor in the lung, kidney, heart, and liver. Endothelin 1 is expressed in lung, placental stem villi vessels and in cultured placental vascular smoot

N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are a class of ionotropic glutamate-gated ion channels. These receptors have been shown to be involved in long-term potentiation, an activity-dependent increase in the efficiency of synaptic transmission thought to underlie certain kinds of memory and learning. NMDA receptor channels are heteromers composed of the key receptor subunit NMDAR1 (GRIN1) and 1 or more of the 4 NMDAR2 subunits: NMDAR2A (GRIN2A), NMDAR2B (GRIN2B), NMDAR2C (GRIN2C) and NMDAR2D (