Steroid receptors are ligand-dependent, intracellular proteins that stimulate transcription of specific genes by binding to specific DNA sequences following activation by the appropriate hormone. Glucocorticoids are a family of steroids necessary for the regulation of energy metabolism and the immune and inflammatory responses. These compounds exert their effect through their interaction with the glucocoticoid receptor (GR) and that complex's subsequent association with DNA. All normal mamm

Profound changes in patterns of gene expression can result from relatively small changes in the concentrations of sequence specific transcription factors. Synergistic interaction between factors bound to different sites within a transcriptional control region is supported by the work of Courey et al. (1989). Sp1 is a sequence specific transcription factor that recognizes GGGGCGGGGC and closely related sequences, which are often referred to as GC boxes. Sp1 binds to GC box promoters elements ａ

Oligodendrocyte Marker $nThe classic group of Myelin basic protein (MBP) isoforms (isoforms 4 to 14) are with PLP the most abundant protein components of the myelin membrane in the CNS. They have a role in both its formation and stabilization. The smaller isoforms might have an important role in remyelination of denuded axons in multiple sclerosis. The non classic group of MBP isoforms (isoforms 1 to 3/Golli MBPs) may preferentially have a role in the early developing brain long before myelin

Lysosome associated membrane protein (LAMP1), also known as lgp120 or lgpA, is a type 1 integral membrane protein that is transported from trans Golgi networks to endosomes and then lysosomes. Upon cell activation, LAMP1 transfer to the plasma membrane is dependent on a carboxyl terminal tyrosine based motif (YXXI). Perturbation in the spacing between the tyrosine based motif relative to the membrane abolishes lysosome localization of LAMP1. This mutant protein then cycles between the plasma m

Integrin alpha 4 beta 7, also known as, the lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule (LPAM1) is a member of the integrin family of cell surface receptors. It is expressed primarily on mucosal lymphocytes, but is also present on NK cells and eosinophils. The alpha 4 beta 7 heterodimer mediates the binding of lymphocytes to its ligand, mucosal vascular addressin (MAdCAM1) on the high endothelial venules, thereby directing the homing of lymphocytes into Peyer's patches and intestinal lamina

The Bmi1 oncogene induces telomerase activity and immortalizes human mammary epithelial cells. Bmi1 extends the replicative life span of human fibroblasts by suppressing the p16-dependent senescence pathway.$nPolycomb group (PcG) genes are involved in the maintenance of cellular memory through epigenetic chromatin modifications. Recent studies have implicated a role for PcG genes in the self-renewal of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), a process in which cellular memory is maintained through ce