This gene encodes three main isoforms that differ in activities and subcellular location. While all three are adapter proteins in signal transduction pathways, the longest (p66Shc) may be involved in regulating life span and the effects of reactive oxygen species. The other two isoforms, p52Shc and p46Shc, link activated receptor tyrosine kinases to the Ras pathway by recruitment of the GRB2/SOS complex. p66Shc is not involved in Ras activation. Unlike the other two isoforms, p46Shc is targe

TNFR1 associated DEATH domain protein; TNFR1-associated DEATH domain protein; TNFRSF1A associated via death domain; TNFRSF1A-associated via death domain; tradd; TRADD_HUMAN; Tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 associated DEATH domain protein; Tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein.

Angiotensin Converting enzyme is involved in catalyzing the conversion of angiotensin I into a physiologically active peptide angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is a potent vasopressor and aldosterone-stimulating peptide that controls blood pressure and fluid-electrolyte balance. This enzyme plays a key role in the renin-angiotensin system. ACE converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II by release of the terminal His-Leu, this results in an increase of the vasoconstrictor activity of angiotensin. A

EEF2 is a member of the GTP-binding translation elongation factor family. This protein is an essential factor for protein synthesis. It promotes the GTP-dependent translocation of the nascent protein chain from the A-site to the P-site of the ribosome. This protein is completely inactivated by EF-2 kinase phosporylation.

A unique family of Cysteine proteases has been described that differs in sequence, structure and substrate specificity from any previously described protease family. This family, termed CED-3/ICE, functions as key components of the apoptotic machinery and act to destroy specific target proteins which are critical to cellular longevity. Nuclear lamins are critical to maintaining the integrity of the nuclear envelope and cellular morphology as components of the nuclear lamina, a fibrous layer

The muscarinic cholinergic receptors belong to a larger family of G protein-coupled receptors. The functional diversity of these receptors is defined by the binding of acetylcholine and includes cellular responses such as adenylate cyclase inhibition, phosphoinositide degeneration, and potassium channel mediation. Muscarinic receptors influence many effects of acetylcholine in the central and peripheral nervous system. The muscarinic cholinergic receptor 3 controls smooth muscle contraction