ID proteins contain a helix-loop-helix (HLH) motif and regulate tissue-specific transcription within several cell lineages. They do not bind DNA directly, but inhibit lineage commitment by binding basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors through their HLH motif. ID proteins contribute to cell growth, senescence, differentiation and angiogenesis. Id1 mRNA is highly expressed in heart, lung and kidney and has lower expression in brain and liver. Two transcript variants encoding di

Bone marrow stromal cells act as regulators for B-cell growth and development through their surface molecules and cytokines. Bone marrow stromal antigen-2 (BST-2), also designated CD317 antigen, is a single- pass type II membrane protein. BST-2, which is expressed mainly on synovial cell lines and bone marrow stromal cell lines, is primarily expressed in liver, heart, placenta and lung tissues. BST-2 is thought to be involved in pre-B cell growth. It has been implicated in B cell activation

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. This type II cytokeratin is specifically expressed in the simple epithelia lining the cavities of the internal organs and in the gland ducts and blood vessels. The genes encoding the type II cytokeratins are clustered in a

Binds to and inhibits the transcriptional repressor ZBTB33, which may lead to activation of target genes of the Wnt signaling pathway (By similarity). May associate with and regulate the cell adhesion properties of both C- and E-cadherins. Implicated both in cell transformation by SRC and in ligand-induced receptor signaling through the EGF, PDGF, CSF-1 and ERBB2 receptors. Promotes GLIS2 C-terminal cleavage.

This gene is a member of the cadherin superfamily, genes encoding calcium-dependent, membrane-associated glycoproteins. The encoded protein is cadherin-like, consisting of an extracellular region, containing 7 cadherin domains, and a transmembrane region but lacking the conserved cytoplasmic domain. The protein is a component of the gastrointestinal tract and pancreatic ducts, acting as an intestinal proton-dependent peptide transporter in the first step in oral absorption of many medically i

The MAGE 1 gene is a member of the melanoma antigen encoding gene family. These genes encode for HLA-restricted tumor associated rejection antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Some of these target antigens may be potentially useful for cancer specific immunotherapy. The expression of MAGE genes has been reported not only in melanoma but also in various other malignant tumors such as hepatocellular carcinoma and germ cell tumors.