Rho GTPases control a variety of cellular processes. There are 3 subtypes of Rho GTPases in the Ras superfamily of small G proteins: RHO, RAC and CDC42. GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) bind activated forms of Rho GTPases and stimulate GTP hydrolysis. Through this catalytic function, Rho GAPs negatively regulate Rho-mediated signals. GAPs may also serve as effector molecules and play a role in signaling downstream of Rho and other Ras-like GTPases.

TROY is a member of the TNF receptor superfamily. This receptor is highly expressed during embryonic development. It has been shown to interact with TRAF family members, and to activate the JNK signaling pathway when overexpressed in cells. This receptor is capable of inducing apoptosis by a caspase-independent mechanism, and it is thought to play an essential role in embryonic development. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been described.

This gene encodes acid alpha-glucosidase, which is essential for the degradation of glycogen to glucose in lysosomes. Different forms of acid alpha-glucosidase are obtained by proteolytic processing. Defects in this gene are the cause of glycogen storage disease II, also known as Pompe's disease, which is an autosomal recessive disorder with a broad clinical spectrum. Three transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008].

Arginase I (also designated liver-type arginase), which is expressed almost exclusively in the liver, catalyzes the conversion of arginine to ornithine and urea (1). The human arginase I gene, which maps to chromosome 6q23, encodes a 322 amino acid protein. Arginase I exists as a homotrimeric protein and contains a binuclear manganese cluster (2-4). Arginase II catalyzes the same reaction as arginase I, but differs in its tissue specificity and subcellular location (5,6). Specifically, argin

Regulates voltage-gated potassium channels assembled from KCNA1, KCNA4 and KCNAB1. It slows down channel inactivation by precluding channel closure mediated by the KCNAB1 subunit. Ligand for ADAM22 that positively regulates synaptic transmission mediated by AMPA-type glutamate receptors (By similarity). Plays a role in suppressing the production of MMP1/3 through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/ERK pathway. May play a role in the control of neuroblastoma cell survival.$nTissue specificity;Pr

The protein encoded by this gene functions as a cofactor for the stimulation of transcriptional elongation by HIV-1 Tat, which binds to the HIV-1 promoter through Tat-TAR interaction. This protein may also serve as a dual-function factor to couple transcription and splicing and to facilitate their reciprocal activation. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Sep 2009]