Proteins of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family are involved in the breakdown of extracellular matrix in normal physiological processes, such as embryonic development, reproduction, and tissue remodeling, as well as in disease processes, such as arthritis and metastasis. Most MMP's are secreted as inactive proproteins which are activated when cleaved by extracellular proteinases. However, the enzyme encoded by this gene is activated intracellularly by furin within the constitutive secr

The steady state of protein tyrosyl phosphorylation in cells is regulated by the opposing action of tyrosine kinases and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Several groups have independently identified a non transmembrane PTP, designated SHPTP1 (also known as PTP1C, HCP and SHP), which is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells and characterized by the presence of two SH2 domains N terminal to the PTP domain. A second and much more widely expressed PTP with SH2 domains, SHPTP2 (also de

Modulation of the chromatin structure plays an important role in the regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. The nucleosome, made up of four core histone proteins (H2A, H2B, H3 and H4), is the primary building block of chromatin. The N-terminal tail of core histones undergoes different posttranslational modifications including acetylation, phosphorylation and methylation. These modifications occur in response to cell signal stimuli and have a direct effect on gene expression. In most spec

Histones are basic nuclear proteins that are responsible for the nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Nucleosomes consist of approximately 146 bp of DNA wrapped around a histone octamer composed of pairs of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4). The chromatin fiber is further compacted through the interaction of a linker histone, H1, with the DNA between the nucleosomes to form higher order chromatin structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a mem

The steady state of protein tyrosyl phosphorylation in cells is regulated by the opposing action of tyrosine kinases and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Several groups have independently identified a non transmembrane PTP, designated SHPTP1 (also known as PTP1C, HCP and SHP), which is primarily expressed in hematopoietic cells and characterized by the presence of two SH2 domains N terminal to the PTP domain. A second and much more widely expressed PTP with SH2 domains, SHPTP2 (also de

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the keratin gene family. The type II cytokeratins consist of basic or neutral proteins which are arranged in pairs of heterotypic keratin chains coexpressed during differentiation of simple and stratified epithelial tissues. As many as six of this type II cytokeratin(KRT6) have been identified; the multiplicity of the genes is attributed to successive gene duplication events. The genes are expressed with family members KRT16 and/or KRT17 in the f