Milk proteins are crucial for the development of all newborn mammals and caseins constitute the major proteins in mammalian milk. b- and k-caseins are the only caseins present in human milk. The b-casein/k-casein ratio is higher in colostrum than in transitional and mature milk and is related to a better digestibility of colostrum casein micelles by the neonate during the first days of life. Human b-casein-encoding gene (Bca) contains a highly phosphorylated site, which is responsible for t

PAI1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1) is originally cloned from human endothelial cell (Pannekoek 1986, Ginsburg 1986) and rat hepatoma cell 3 cDNA libraries. As a member of the serpin family of serine protease inhibitors, PAI1 inhibits both tissue type plasminogen activator (tPA) and urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA). High PAI1 levels are associated with an increased risk of thromboembolic disease while PAI1 deficiency may represent an inherited autosomal recessive bleeding disor

Olfactomedin-4, also known as G-CSF-stimulated clone 1 protein, Antiapoptotic protein GW112, and OLFM4, is a secreted protein which contains one olfactomedin-like domain. OLFM4 is expressed during myeloid lineage development. It is strongly expressed in the prostate, small intestine and colon and moderately expressed in the bone marrow and stomach. OLFM4 is highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissues and shows an elevated expression level during the early S phase of the cell cycle. It is

This gene encodes a membrane glycoprotein of T lymphocytes that interacts with major histocompatibility complex class II antigenes and is also a receptor for the human immunodeficiency virus. This gene is expressed not only in T lymphocytes, but also in B cells, macrophages, and granulocytes. It is also expressed in specific regions of the brain. The protein functions to initiate or augment the early phase of T-cell activation, and may function as an important mediator of indirect neuronal d

Protein Kinase c alpha (PKC alpha) is an 77 kDa member of the conventional group (cPKCs: sensitive to calcium, diacylglycerol, phosphatidylserine and phorbol esters) of the PKC family of serine/ threonine kinases that are involved in a wide range of physiological processes including mitogenesis, cell survival and transcriptional regulation. PKC alpha is an ubiquitously expressed PKC isozyme that has been implicated in the regulation of a broad range of cellular functions including proliferati

The phosphorylation of specific tyrosine residues has been shown to be a primary mechanism of signal transduction during normal mitogenesis, cell cycle progression and oncogenic transformation, its role in other areas such as differentiation and gap junction communication, is a matter of active and ongoing research. Antibodies that specifically recognize phosphorylated tyrosine residues have proved to be invaluable to the study of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins and the biochemical pathway